Muslims today

DUBAI (Reuters) - Muslims protested in Nigeria, Iran, Greece and Turkey on Sunday to show anti-Western anger against a film and cartoons insulting Islam had not dissipated.

As delegates from around the world gathered in New York for a U.N. General Assembly where the clash between free speech and blasphemy is bound to be raised, U.S. flags were once again burning in parts of the Muslim world.
Iranian students chanted "Death to America" and "Death to Israel" outside the French embassy in Tehran in protest at the decision by satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo to publish cartoons of the Prophet Mohammad, days after widespread protests - some deadly - against a film made in the United States.
Shi'ite Muslims in the Nigerian town of Katsina burned U.S., French and Israeli flags and a religious leader called for protests to continue until the makers of the film and cartoons are punished.
In Pakistan, where fifteen people were killed in protests on Friday, a government minister has offered $100,000 to anyone who kills the maker of the short, amateurish video "The Innocence of Muslims". Calls have increased for a U.N. measure outlawing insults to Islam and blasphemy in general.
In Athens, some protesters hurled bottles of water, stones and shoes at police who responded with teargas. Calm returned when demonstrators interrupted the protest to pray.
Hours later, dozens of Muslim inmates in Athens' main prison set mattresses and bed sheets on fire in protest. Firemen with four engines battled the flames in some cells but police and government officials said late at night the situation was under control.
ON ALERT
Protests around the world were relatively small and calm, but Western embassies remained on alert after the U.S. ambassador to Libya and three other Americans were killed in one of the first protests, on September 11.
The upsurge of Muslim anger - just weeks before U.S. elections - have confronted President Barack Obama with a setback yet in his efforts to keep the "Arab Spring" revolutions from fuelling a new wave of anti-Americanism.
In U.S. ally Turkey, a secular Muslim state often seen as a bridge between the Islamic world and the West, protesters set fire to U.S. and Israeli flags on Sunday.
"May the hands that touch Mohammad break," chanted some 200 protesters before peacefully dispersing.
"We will certainly not allow uncontrolled protests, but we will not just grin and bear it when Islam's prophet is insulted," Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan told party members at the weekend.
"The protests in the Muslim world must be measured, and the West should show a determined stance against Islamophobia." (Editing by Sophie Hares)

Sudan

Sudan capital Khartoum bordered to the east Ethiopia and Eritrea and the Red Sea to the north of Egypt and the north-west Libya and the West Chad and south-west Central African Republic to the south of South Sudan lies in Khartoum meeting point Raveda Nile main Nile blue, white and know the capital triangular because it consists of three cities a large (Khartoum and Omdurman and Khartoum North) Nile River divides the territory of Sudan to the eastern and western parts and flowing toward him Ravedah: Blue Nile and the White Nile meet in Khartoum. In the middle of Sudan basin of the Nile Valley, which plays a vital role in the economic and social life and cultural and foreign relations Sudan is located between latitudes 8.45 degrees and 23.8 degrees north and longitude 21.49 degrees to 38.24 degrees east longitude at the site of a geopolitical important between Africa and the Middle East, as it was until the mid- the last century the main passage for convoys of pilgrims and trade from West Africa to the ground holy and East Africa settled rights in the Sudan since 5000 years BC overlap Sudan's history with the old History of Ancient Egypt and that Sudan was intertwined with political over long periods, especially in the era of the family twenty-fifth ( black pharaohs) who ruled Egypt and months kings Tehraqh and Bankhi boarded Sudan from Britain and Egypt in the first of January 1956, and caught the civil war since before the Declaration of Independence until 2005 except for periods peace intermittent, due conflicts deep between the central government in northern Sudan (the predominantly Muslim) and rebel movements in the south (which dominated Christianity and indigenous beliefs) and ended the civil war signed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, which ended the civil war between the Government of Sudan and the Sudanese People's Liberation Army, and became a province of South Sudan autonomous followed a referendum in 2011 on survival united with Sudan or secede. The result of the referendum for the latter option was Sudan for a number of military coups in modern history, and in 1989, led Brigadier Omar al-Bashir a military coup overthrew the government of civilian headed Sadiq al-Mahdi, leader of the Umma Party, and he became the head of the Revolutionary Command Council rescue, then president of the republic. Concentrated industry in Sudan in the manufacturing industries which depend on agricultural products where each of the booming textile industry, sugar and oils, where the amount of oil production is about 3 million tons and dealing with cottonseed oils, sunflower, peanut and sesame. In addition to other manufacturing industries such as manufacturing (ethanol) in the Kenana Sugar Factory. Sudan is the first Arab country to ethanol producers, production has reached about 30 million liters (in 2011) covered the domestic demand part of it was exported to the European Union countries and the Arab countries. Sudan is the second largest producer of ethanol in Africa after South Africa "also rebounded in Sudan several light and heavy industries such as automotive assembly industry manufacturer horses island state and the aircraft industry in the repeat region and the steel industry and many other light industries

Libya

Libya, a country located in North Africa. Bordered to the east of Egypt, Sudan and the south-east, and to the south of Chad, Niger, Algeria to the west and north-west Tunisia.
Libya is a member of a number of organizations and regional and international groupings, including the United Nations, the African Union, and the Arab Maghreb Union, and the League of Arab States, and the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.
The population of Libya 6.597 million people, a little compared to a country area of ​​about 1,800,000 square kilometers, and is the seventh of ten in the world in terms of area as it has the longest coastline between the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea with a length of about 1,955 kilometers historically consisted of three regions: Region Tripoli and Cyrenaica and Fezzan.
Libya has the highest Human Development Index in Africa and the fourth highest GDP in the continent in 2009, after the Seychelles, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. This is due to its large oil reserves and low population. Libya has the tenth largest proven oil reserves in the world and ranks seventeenth in global oil production.
In 2011 broke the revolution of 17 February in the form of protests and demonstrations against the regime of Gaddafi, who is classified as an oppressive regime where launched in on February 15 following the arrest of lawyer victims Abu Salim prison (Fathi treble) in the city of Benghazi came out the victims' families and their supporters to rid it and so there is no reason for his detention and was followed on 16 February demonstrations to demand the fall of the regime in Belarus and followed by several cities and regions of a Libyan, and quickly spread in many parts of Libya. On 26 February, it was reported violent repression by security forces of the Gaddafi regime, but protesters who have on February 27 the establishment of the Transitional National Council, which became the revolutionary government. Succeeded in controlling many of the coastal cities in the east and south-east regions, as well as three cities in the west of the country at the beginning of the demonstrations, and raised the flag of Libya's independence in 1951 and who had been canceled by Gaddafi in 1969. Then liberated most areas of the country, especially in the capital Tripoli on 28 August. And until mid-September remained battalions of Gadhafi's military maintains control over the cities of Sabha, Sirte Add to Bani Walid, Jufrah region and languages ​​on the Algerian-Libyan border. On 16 September the United Nations has recognized through the majority of the members of the General Assembly the Transitional National Council as the only government in Libya to receive Council seat to Libya in the international organization. On October 23 officially declared the liberation of Libya after the killing of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi in Sirte, his hometown, in an attempt to flee to the south of the country on October 20

Photos of the most important areas in the Tunisian Republic

Tunisian Republic

Tunisian Republic is bordered on the north and the east Mediterranean and the south-east of Libya (459 km) to the west Algeria (965 km). Its capital city of Tunis. The area of ​​the Republic of Tunisia 162.155 km 2. Stretch-Saharan 30% of the Tunisian territory, while covering the rest of the area fertile soil adjacent to the sea, where adopted a coastline along the 1,300 km (810 miles).

Tunisia played important roles in ancient history since the era of the Berbers, Phoenicians, Carthaginians was known as the province of Africa during the Roman rule. Saracens in the seventh century and founded the city of Kairouan 50 e to be the first Islamic city in North Africa. Under the Ottoman Empire, as he was known Tunisia "Regency of Tunis." Passed under French protectorate in 1881. After gaining independence in 1956 led the country's official name "of the Kingdom of Tunisia" at the end of the era of Mohamed Lamine Bey and family Husseiniya. With the proclamation of the Republic of Tunisia on July 25, 1957, became the leader Habib Bourguiba its first president.

Country was ruled by the authoritarian regime of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali from 1987 to 2011 before he fled during the Tunisian revolution. Tunisia export-oriented country in the process of liberalization and privatization of the economy, which has averaged GDP growth of 5% since the early 1990s, Tunisia suffered corruption benefiting the former president

Tunisia has relations with both the European Union and with him and has a partnership agreement and the Arab world. A member of the League of Arab States and the African Union. Tunisia has established close relations with France in particular, through economic cooperation, industrial modernization, and programs Al_khas_khashohm cities: Tunis, Sousse, Sfax, Gabes, Bizerte, Kairouan, Beja, Gafsa

Egypt

Arab Republic of Egypt Arab country located in the extreme north-east of the continent of Africa, and in the far south-west of the continent of Asia, bounded on the north by the south-eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea and the Middle northwest coast of the Red Sea, with an area of ​​1002450 square kilometers. Most of the territory in Africa is that part of its territory, the Sinai Peninsula, is located in the continent of Asia, it is a country transcontinental. Egypt borders of the West with Libya, and to the south with the Sudan, and the north-east with Israel and the Gaza Strip, and overlooking the Red Sea from the east. Pass through the territory of the Suez Canal that separates the Asian part of the African part.

Famous for Egypt as the oldest civilizations on earth where he began Egyptian human displacement to the banks of the Nile and settled and began to cultivate the land and livestock about 10,000 years ago. [7] The rapid development of its people and industries began simple and the evolution of the social fabric knit, and the fact that a peaceful neighboring emirates on the banks of the Nile exchange trade, a precedent in that every country in the world. Witness the Badari civilization some 7000 years ago and Naqada civilization (4400 BC - about 3,000 years BC). The natural evolution to merge with each other to the north and south and unite Upper and Lower Egypt and the central government began to start Representative Dynastic period (about 3000 BC). And exchanged trade with its neighbors and grew up in hieroglyphic writing in the way. Like the inhabitants of the Tigris and Euphrates who also starting writing about 4000 BC cuneiform manner. It was natural to exchange trade and cultural dealing who is widely credited in the evolution of humanity. The to invent writing in Egypt a significant impact on the march of life in Egypt and its rapid development, and was the ancient Egyptian fond writing, and can Researcher modern tracking Egyptian civilization not only by what is left of the ancient Egyptians from the effects on the ground of temples and pyramids, but through clues Egyptian writing old and reading history where ancient Egyptians write about everything in their lives, from the glorification of kings, and contracts peace with the country's neighbors, and writings on ethics and wisdom, and manuscripts, religious, and manuscripts in medicine, engineering and math, and even messages between family members or messages between friends.

The focus of most of the population of Egypt in the Nile Valley and in urban areas, and the largest blocs population is Greater Cairo, which has almost a quarter of the population, followed by Alexandria; also live most of the remaining population in the delta, especially Dakahlia Governorate and on both coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea and the cities of the Suez Canal, and occupy these places an area 40 thousand square kilometers. While constitute the desert planet majority area of ​​the Republic.